Arms License in India: Complete Guide

India has strict laws regulating the possession and use of firearms. To legally own or carry a firearm, individuals must obtain an Arms License under the Arms Act, 1959 and the Arms Rules, 2016. Here’s everything you need to know about the process, eligibility, documents, and legal requirements.

What is an Arms License?

An Arms License is an official permission granted by the government allowing an individual to purchase, possess, or carry a firearm or ammunition legally within India. Without this license, owning or using firearms is illegal and punishable under law.

 Legal Framework:

• Arms Act, 1959

• Arms Rules, 2016 (amended in 2019)

• Licensing authority: District Magistrate, Commissioner of Police, or State Government (depending on jurisdiction).

 Types of Firearms:

1. Prohibited Bore (PB) – Restricted for defense and law enforcement (e.g., automatic weapons).

2. Non-Prohibited Bore (NPB) – Available for licensed civilians (e.g., pistols, revolvers, shotguns).

 Eligibility Criteria:

• Must be an Indian citizen.

• Minimum age: 21 years.

• No criminal background or pending cases.

• Mentally fit and medically sound.

• Must prove the necessity for owning a firearm (self-defense, crop protection, sports, etc.).

• Proof of safe storage of firearms.

 Purpose for Arms License:

• Self-defense

• Sports shooting

• Crop protection (agriculture)

• Protection from wildlife

• Security for business or valuables

 Application Process:

1. Submit application form online via NDAL-ALIS Portal or at local licensing authority.

2. Attach required documents:

   • Identity proof (Aadhaar, PAN, etc.)

   • Proof of residence.

   • Age proof (Birth Certificate/Passport).

   • Medical certificate.

   • Passport-size photographs.

   • Proof of training in arms handling.

3. Police Verification: A detailed background check.

4. Mandatory Arms Training: Handling, safety, and storage training.

5. Approval/Rejection: The licensing authority will approve or reject the application after verification.

6. License Issuance: If approved, the license is granted along with a Unique Identification Number (UIN).

7. Weapon Purchase: Purchase of firearm from licensed dealer allowed only after receiving license.

 Documents Required:

• Identity & address proof.

• Proof of date of birth.

• Passport-size photographs.

• Medical certificate.

• Arms training certificate.

• Safe storage proof (for keeping arms securely).

 Validity & Renewal:

• License validity: 5 years.

• Renewal required before expiry, subject to fresh police verification.

 Key Points to Remember:

• License holders must carry the license when carrying arms.

• No more than one firearm per individual allowed (post 2019 amendment).

• Misuse or violation can lead to heavy fines, cancellation of license, and imprisonment.

• Transfer of firearms requires official approval.

• Separate licenses needed for purchasing additional ammunition.

 Online Portal:

You can apply online through the official portal:
👉 NDAL-ALIS Portal

 Challenges in Getting Arms License:

• Highly discretionary process.

• Complex documentation.

• Long police verification process.

• Strict scrutiny on self-defense claims.

• Delay in approvals in urban areas.

 Conclusion:

Getting an Arms License in India is a long and detailed process with strict legal scrutiny to ensure that firearms remain in responsible hands. It is crucial to follow the correct procedure, provide authentic documents, and complete the mandatory training to improve your chances of approval.